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In the Chinese language, China is referred to as 中国 (zhōng guó), or 中國 in traditional script, meaning the middle kingdom. This wasn’t always the case, as up until the Qing (清) dynasty, the country was referred to by the name of the ruling dynasty such as Han (汉) or Tang (唐). However, starting in the 17th century, China entered into formal agreements with other states and the term Middle Kingdom came to mean the country. What China is referred to in other languages, however, is another matter. T
Source: How China became known as China, thanks to the Portuguese