ARQUIPELAGO DOS AÇORES 1938 filme de Henrique Gartner

gráfico animado sobre o tráfico e tráfego de escravos

Por falar em grandes momentos da História de Portugal este gráfico animado sobre o tráfico e tráfego de escravos é arrepiante

ver gráfico aqui

http://www.slate.com/articles/life/the_history_of_american_slavery/2015/06/animated_interactive_of_the_history_of_the_atlantic_slave_trade.html?wpsrc=sh_all_dt_fb_top&via=gdpr-consent

Usually, when we say “American slavery” or the “American slave trade,” we mean the American colonies or, later, the United States. But as we discussed in…
slate.com

palavras portuguesas em japonês

http://www.sljfaq.org/afaq/portuguese.html

 

Which Japanese words come from Portuguese?

Many Portuguese words entered Japanese when Jesuit priests from Portugal introduced Christian ideas and things to the Japanese during the Muromachi period (1337-1573). Here is a list of some of them which have survived until the present day. Although these words are all gairaigo, some of them have kanji. See 1.2.6. Why do some words have ?.

(Arigatō does not come from Portuguese. See 4.1. Is related to Portuguese “obrigado”?)

Words of disputed origin

The origin of some words such as saboten, “cactus” and buranko, “swing” is disputed, but according to some explanations they may have come from Portuguese.

List of words of Portuguese origin

Here is a list of some words from Portuguese which have survived until the present day.

Japanese (rōmaji)Japanese (kanji/kana)Original Portuguese (from Kōjien)Modern PortugueseEnglishNotes
bateren伴天連
▽破天連
バテレン
padrepadre, paipriest, father
biidoroビードロvidrovidroglass
birōdo天鵞絨
ビロード
veludoveludovelvet天鵞絨 may also be read as てんがじゅう, the on’yomi reading (Daijirin, Kōjien). May have come from the Spanish velludo (Kōjien lists both options)
bōro, bōruボーロ
ボール
bolobolocake
botan

ボタン
botãobotãobutton
charumera, charumeru▽哨吶
チャルメラ
▽チャルメル
charamelacharamelashawm
chokkiチョッキjaquetacoletewaistcoat (UK English); vest (US English).Source language and exact source word uncertain.
furasukoフラスコfrascofrascoflask
IgirisuイギリスinglezinglêsEngland/The UKIn Portuguese, inglês means English or Englishman. In Japanese, igirisu means ‘The United Kingdom’.
iruman▽入満
▽伊留満
▽由婁漫
イルマン
irmãoirmãobrotherTerm used in early Japanese Christianity; missionary next in line to become a priest
jōro如雨露
▽如露
じょうろ
jorrojarrowatering canKōjien says this origin is one theory. Daijirin also gives the Portuguese jorro as a possible origin.
jiban, juban襦袢
ジバン
ジュバン
gibãogibãounderwearIn Portuguese, the word “gibão” means “jerkin” (in some cases, “doublet”), rather than “underwear”, the latter too generic a term.
kapitan▽甲比丹
▽甲必丹
カピタン
capitãocapitãocaptain
kanakin, kanekin金巾
▽かなきん
▽かねきん
canequimunbleached muslin/calicoNot used in present-day Portuguese.
kappa合羽
カッパ
capacapa (de chuva)raincoat
karumeraカルメラcaramelocaramelocaramelDaijirin but not Kōjien notes the Portuguese caramelo as a source for this word.
karuta歌留多
▽加留多
骨牌
カルタ
cartacartas (de jogar)playing cards
kirishitan切支丹
▽吉利支丹
キリシタン
cristãocristãoChristian
kirisuto基督
キリスト
CristoCristoChristAlso kurisuto クリスト
konpeitō金米糖
金平糖
▽金餅糖
コンペイトー
confeitoconfeitoA kind of star-shaped candy.The modern Portuguese word “confeito” more commonly means “sugar-plum” or “comfit”, though it also signifies a small candy made with hardened melted sugar, to which various dyes or ingredients are added, sold in wrapped paper. In this case, it is also called “rebuçado”. “Confeito” is also related to the English word “confetti”.
kurusuクルスcruzcruzcrossSee ピンからキリまで, キリ is said to be a corruption of クルス.
marumero木瓜
マルメロ
marmelomarmeloquince木瓜 may also be read as ぼけ.
meriyasu莫大小
▽目利安
メリヤス
meiasmeiashosiery, knittingIn Portuguese, meias means “socks”.
miira木乃伊
ミイラ
mirramirramummy (embalmed human)In Portuguese, mirra means “myrrh”.
oranda和蘭
阿蘭陀
▽和蘭陀
オランダ
OlandaHolandaHolland
pan麺麭
▽麪包
パン
pãopãobread
pin kara kiri madeピンからキリまでpinta, cruzpinta, cruzcompletely, utterlyThe pin and kiri are said to have come from Portuguese.
rasha羅紗
ラシャ
raxaraxafelt
rozarioロザリオrosariorosáriorosary
sabatoサバトsábadosábadoSaturdayKōjien also notes the Dutch sabbat as a possible source for this word.
sarasa更紗
サラサ
saraçasaraçachintzNot used in modern Portuguese.
shabonシャボンsabãosabãosoapCommonly used in the word shabon-dama, “soap bubble”, in present-day Japanese.
shōroショーロchorochoroweeping
subetaスベタespadaespadaSword (in playing cards, original use)
Ugly faced woman
Worthless card (in a type of card game)
Boring person
Not in very common use in modern Japanese.
tabako煙草
▽莨
タバコ
tabacotabacotobaccoTabako also means “cigarettes” in present-day Japanese.
totanトタンtutanagatutanagazincNow used to mean galvanized sheet iron (e.g. corrugated roofing material) in Japanese. In Portuguese, “tutanaga” is a whitish alloy made of copper, zinc and nickel to which bits of iron, silver or arsenium are added (i.e., not simply ‘zinc’). It is considered a Chinese invention, though Portuguese inherited the word via Persian “tutia-nak”, meaning “zinc oxide”.
tempura天麩羅
天婦羅
てんぷら
têmporastemperotempuraTempero is Portuguese for spice or seasoning, but the Japanese word tempura means battered and deep-fried fish or vegetables.
zabon朱欒
▽香欒
ザボン
zamboazamboashaddock

Here a ▽ marks uncommon words, readings and variations.

Words from modern Portuguese

Japanese romajiJapanese kanaPortugueseMeaningNotes
shurasukoシュラスコchurrascoBrazilian barbecueFrom Daijirin.

References

Acknowledgements

This list was derived from posts by Christian Wittern, Tomoko Yamamoto, and Bart Mathias, and checked and compiled with help from Paul Blay.


sci.lang.japan FAQ / 4. Words from other languages

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